In other European countries around this time, dictionaries had been assembled by large committees. Shrug like a Frenchman and frown like a Russian. Then you have been looking for them?") Unsuccessful as a schoolmaster in his hometown of Lichfield, Staffordshire (the few students he had were put off by his "oddities of manner and uncouth gesticulations"--most likely the effects of Tourette syndrome), Johnson moved to London in 1737 to make a living as an author and editor. His son, Gilbert, was the first to adopt the territorial surname (see below). Regional occurrences of the surname suggest a possible Cumbric Origin. Cum … And Johnson could be opinionated in other ways, as in his famous (though not original) definition of oats: "a grain, which in England is generally given to horses, but in Scotland supports the people. Fortunately, we can now visit this treasure house online. Early History of the Johnson family. Johnson is an English patronymic name meaning "son of John (gift of God)." ... Johnson's dictionary is considered the ultimate authority in the historical/descriptive tradition. Johan de Jonestone, a knight of Dunfrys, rendered homage to John Balliol in 1296. Lower, Mark A (1860) Patronymica Britannica: a dictionary of the family names of the United Kingdom. This interesting name is of Scottish locational origin, from the lands thus called in Annandale, Dumfriesshire. Let's turn first to etymology. historical method. Guillim's Display of Herakby. It is, in short, a treasure house.". Johnston is in most cases a habitational surname derived from several places in Scotland. Here is a very different text, with much more Latin, as well as Greek (the bright green): The Economist tends to prefer "old words, when short". British Surnames is a Good Stuff website. ", Not surprisingly, some of the words in Johnson's Dictionary have undergone a change in meaning since the 18th century. Etymology . London: J.R. Smith. On his list of barbarisms were such familiar words as budge, con, gambler, ignoramus, shabby, trait, and volunteer (used as a verb). The Florentine Accademia della Crusca labored 30 years on its Vocabolario. Historically, the surname has been most common throughout Scotland and Ireland. All rights reserved. This and other similarly named locations may also be sources for the surname Johnston. The coolest country name etymology: Pakistan Starting with an acronym of the 5 northern regions of British India: Punjab, Afghania, Kashmir, Sindh & baluchiSTAN, you get PAKSTAN. Pronunciation (General American) IPA : /ˈdʒɑnsən/ "I talk everything over with [my wife]," he proclaimed on one occasion early in his political career. Related entries & more Band-Aid (n.) trademark name (Johnson & Johnson) for a stick-on gauze pad or strip, by 1922. This surname is derived from the genitive case of the given name John and tone or toun ("settlement" in Middle English; tun in Old English), literally meaning "John's town". False. As modern lexicographer Robert Burchfield has observed, "In the whole tradition of English language and literature the only dictionary compiled by a writer of the first rank is that of Dr. © Copyright: Name Origin Research 1980 - 2017. "More than any other dictionary," Hitching says, "it abounds with stories, arcane information, home truths, snippets of trivia, and lost myths. On June 2nd 1718, Christopher Johnstone married Helen Murray in Langholm, Dumfries. In the preface to A Dictionary of the English Language, Johnson acknowledged that his optimistic plan to "fix" the language had been thwarted by the ever-changing nature of language itself: Ultimately Johnson concluded that his early aspirations reflected "the dreams of a poet doomed at last to wake a lexicographer." the words of a language. In truth, many of Johnson's definitions are admirably straightforward and succinct. Take, for example, this passage from "Great Expectations": The pink items are the deepest and thickest stratum of English vocabulary: the Anglo-Saxon bedrock of the language. "As Henry Hitchings notes in his book Defining the World (2006), "With time, Johnson's conservatism—the desire to 'fix' the language—gave way to a radical awareness of language's mutability. JOHNSON. [1] Johnston is commonly traced back to Ireland, however it is believed the name and people migrated from Scotland.[2]. In his "Plan of a Dictionary of the English Language," published in August 1747, Johnson announced his ambition to rationalize spellings, trace etymologies, offer guidance on pronunciation, and "preserve the purity, and ascertain the meaning of our English idiom." lexicon. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. Johnson's Ambitions . Lower, Mark A (1860) Patronymica Britannica: a dictionary of the family names of the United Kingdom.London: J.R. Smith. Later, the Yorkshire Poll TaxRolls of 1379 list many of the name: Willelmus Joneson; Willelmus Johnson, 1379; Robertus Johanson; Juliana Jonesson; Ricardus Joneson; and Robertas Jonson. Extravagantly priced at 4 pounds, 10 shillings, it sold only a few thousand copies in its first decade. All rights reserved. Copyright © The Economist Newspaper Limited 2020. A nifty colour-coded look at English texts and the origins of words. Home - Johnson's Dictionary Online - A DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE: IN WHICH The WORDS are deduced from their ORIGINALS, AND ILLUSTRATED in their DIFFERENT SIGNIFICATIONS BY EXAMPLES from the best WRITERS. Preservation and standardization were primary goals: "[O]ne great end of this undertaking," Johnson wrote, "is to fix the English language. history of a word. To learn more about Samuel Johnson and his Dictionary, pick up a copy of Defining the World: The Extraordinary Story of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary by Henry Hitchings (Picador, 2006). Key Events in the History of the English Language, Biography of Samuel Johnson, 18th Century Writer and Lexicographer, Definition and Examples of Productivity in Language, Binomials in English: Definition and Examples, The Features, Functions, and Limitations of Dictionaries, English Language: History, Definition, and Examples, Definition and Examples of Codification in English, The Decay of Friendship, by Samuel Johnson, Top 10 Reference Works for Writers and Editors, Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia, M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester, B.A., English, State University of New York. A nifty colour-coded look at English texts and the origins of words. defining words based on use in literary examples. This surname is derived from the genitive case of the given name John and tone or toun ("settlement" in Middle English; tun in Old English), literally meaning "John's town". Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.
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