His last film appearance was in Give My Regards to Broad Street (1984), starring Paul McCartney. After touring in South Africa in 1929, he played two seasons at the Old Vic and two seasons at the Malvern summer theatre. They worked with the Birmingham Rep where she received better notices than Ralph! At Malvern in 1932, he played Face in Ben Jonson's The Alchemist. Kit died in October 1942. Ralph and Kit met in the Charles Doran acting company and fell in love. A second symptom would lead to an oculogyric crisis. He portrayed Simeon in Jesus of Nazareth (1977). He also directed Alec Guinness as Richard II,taking on the role of John of Gaunt in the production when the Old Vic governors insisted that either Richardson or Olivier must act in every production. After working as an office boy for an insurance company, and later studying art, Richardson opted for a theatrical career. [4][9] In severe cases, patients may enter a coma-like state (akinetic mutism). The early symptom would be dominated by sleepiness or wakefulness. There have been several proposed diagnostic criteria for encephalitis lethargica. In 1954 he toured Australia in a company which included his wife, Meriel Forbes, together with Sybil Thorndike and her husband, Lewis Casson, playing Terence Rattigan's plays The Sleeping Prince and Separate Tables. Sir Ralph David Richardson, Kt (19 December 1902 – 10 October 1983) was an English actor, one of a group of theatrical knights of the mid-20th century who, though more closely associated with the stage, also appeared in several classic films. Muriel married Sir Ralph David Richardson in 1924, at age 16 in Hampstead, London, England, United Kingdom. His father supported them with a small allowance. After leaving the Old Vic, Richardson appeared in the West End as Dr Sloper in a Henry James adaptation, The Heiress, in 1949; David Preston in Home at Seven, in 1950; and Vershinin in Three Sisters in 1951. [17] In 2012, Oliver Sacks acknowledged this virus as the probable cause of the disease. [26][needs update], Treatment is then symptomatic. Ralph cared for Kit in a series of hospitals and nursing homes, while he kept working to pay for her care and building his great career. In his later years, Ralph could not bear to speak of her, simply saying that she was a fine actress who sadly died and she was “most assuredly in heaven.” When Garry O’Connor interviewed Ralph for his book in 1981 and tried to ask about her, Ralph reacted with great pain, “as if the unhappiness had never left him,” and talked about “how he was always worrying and trying to take care of her,” and how her courage was terribly tested. Stern is author of the 1920s definitive book Die Epidemische Encephalitis (1920 and 2nd ed. Post-encephalitic syndromes varied widely: sometimes they proceeded rapidly, leading to profound disability or death; sometimes very slowly; sometimes they progressed to a certain point and then stayed at this point for years or decades; and sometimes, following their initial onslaught, they remitted and disappeared. Many surviving patients of the 1915–1926 encephalitis lethargica pandemic seemed to make a complete recovery and return to their normal lives. "[21] Just ten days before von Economo's breakthrough in Vienna, Jean-René Cruchet described forty cases of "subacute encephalomyelitis" in France. In 1933 he played the title role in W. Somerset Maugham's final play Sheppey at Wyndham's Theatre. [21] Until Constantin von Economo identified a unique pattern of damage among the brains of deceased patients and introduced the unifying name encephalitis lethargica, reports of the protean disease came in under a range of names: botulism, toxic ophthalmoplegia, epidemic stupor, epidemic lethargic encephalitis, acute polioencephalitis, Heine-Medin disease, bulbar paralysis, hystero-epilepsy, acute dementia, and sometimes just "an obscure disease with cerebral symptoms. [21], In the ten years that the pandemic raged, nearly five million people's lives were taken or ravaged. However, the majority of survivors subsequently developed neurological or psychiatric disorders, often after years or decades of seemingly perfect health. Upon his visit, President Bartlet learned that Keith had visited Hoover the day before the Stock Market crashed in 1929. I received a private “ask” about Kit so here goes. Many of those who survived never returned to their pre-morbid vigour. He toured with Charles Doran's company for five seasons, gradually being promoted to larger parts including Macduff in Macbeth and Mark Antony in Julius Caesar. They had one son, Charles David (1945–1998). Ralph was rushing to visit her while on leave from the Fleet Air Arm in 1942 when he lost control of his motorbike and was seriously injured. [8][14], German neurologist Felix Stern, who examined hundreds of encephalitis lethargica patients during the 1920s, pointed out that the encephalitis lethargica typically evolved over time. [24], There is little evidence so far of a consistent effective treatment for the initial stages, though some patients given steroids have seen improvement. Have the other Ralph fans seen more? [18] Other sources have suggested Diplococcus as a cause.[19]. In 1954 and 1955 Richardson played Dr. Watson in an American/BBC radio co-production of Sherlock Holmes stories, with Gielgud as Holmes and Orson Welles as the villainous Professor Moriarty. He continued on stage and in films into the early 1980s and was especially praised for his comedic roles. Richardson's film appearances include Things to Come (1936), The Citadel (1938), The Fallen Idol (1948), The Heiress (1949; his first nomination for an Academy Award), Richard III (1955; playing Buckingham to Olivier's Richard), Our Man in Havana (1959; with Alec Guinness and Noël Coward), Long Day's Journey Into Night (1962; with Katharine Hepburn,Jason Robards, Jr., and Dean Stockwell), Doctor Zhivago (1965), and Oh! In September 1924, Richardson married the 17-year-old student actress Muriel ("Kit") Hewitt (1907–1942); the marriage was childless but devoted. Muriel Hewitt was Ralph Richardson's wife.. also known as Muriel "Kit" Hewitt, Kit, Kit Hewitt; born in 1907 (108 years ago); profession: Actor; died on 5 October 1942 (73 years ago) of encephalitis lethargica; read more about Muriel Hewitt (actress); Online dictionaries and encyclopedias with entries for Muriel Hewitt. Richardson turned down the role of Estragon in Peter Hall's premiere of the English language version of Waiting for Godot and later reproached himself for missing the chance to be in "the greatest play of my generation". Richardson died of a stroke, aged 80, and was interred at Highgate Cemetery, London. (Liner Notes/ Reference Guide for Abridged Audiobook of Titus Alone), Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Encephalitis Lethargica Syndrome: 20 New Cases and Evidence of Basal Ganglia Autoimmunity", "Experimenting on the Past: The Enigma of von Economo's Encephalitis Lethargica", "The Relationship Between Encephalitis Lethargica and Influenza: A Critical Analysis", "Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus Can Enter the Central Nervous System and Induce Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, "Children and Encephalitis Lethargica: A Historical Review", "Evidence for an enterovirus as the cause of encephalitis lethargica", "Encephalitis Lethargica Information Page", "Review: "Asleep: the Forgotten Epidemic That Remains One of Medicine's Greatest Mysteries" [Molly Caldwell Crosby", "Dementia With Lewy Bodies and the Neurobehavioral Decline of Mervyn Peake", National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Encephalitis_lethargica&oldid=981800235, Viral infections of the central nervous system, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing expert attention from December 2015, Medicine articles needing expert attention, Articles needing additional medical references from December 2015, All articles needing additional references, Articles requiring reliable medical sources, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from December 2015, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Brain tissue of a monkey infected with E. lethargica as seen under a microscope (from von Economo's, In 1580, Europe was swept by a serious febrile and lethargic illness, which led to, In 1673–1675, a similar serious epidemic occurred in. Ralph Richardson and his first wife, Muriel “Kit” Hewitt in the play “Devonshire Cream,” and Kit as Ophelia in “Hamlet” in 1925. During World War II he served in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, where he rose to the rank of Lieutenant-Commander despite being nicknamed "Pranger" Richardson "on account of the large number of planes which seemed to fall to pieces under his control". Richardson was engaged to play the role of Mercutio, replacing Orson Welles, in the 1934 Broadway production of Romeo and Juliet. Larry was so smitten by Kit that he flirted with her in front of her husband, much to Ralph’s great annoyance and likely leading to the first frenemy moment between them. Kit’s death “reverberates through the rest of his life and is with him in old age.” O’Connor wrote that the personal trials of those years “may explain the quality of compassion which came to permeate his acting.”. Nevertheless, he experimented with the convalescent serum of survivors of the first acute symptom. She was very ill by then but insisted on visiting him during his long stay in hospital.
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