This is the story presented in the Second Treatise of the Great Seth, although it is unclear whether Simon or another actually died on the cross. [18] On the other hand, the contemporaneous King of Kings has had a black soldier in the scene of Jesus’ flagellation. This was later to precipitate further Jewish insurrection in the area in the reign of Hadrian and Trajan. It cannot, however, be certain that this refers to the same person.[8][9]. In addition, some believers from Cyrene fled Jerusalem following the death of Stephen (Acts 7) and began sharing their faith in Antioch. dagger men) who fled the Roman legions at the time of the Jewish Revolt. Rather, a certain Simon of Cyrene was compelled to carry his cross for him. [12] This is part of a belief held by some Gnostics that Jesus was not of flesh, but only took on the appearance of flesh (see also Basilides, Irenaeus, and Swoon hypothesis). OUP. [4] Others point out that the text itself says nothing, that he had no choice, and that there is no basis to consider the carrying of the cross an act of sympathetic generosity. Oxford University Press. Thus he himself did not suffer. Basilides in his gospel of Basilides is reported by Irenaeus as having taught a docetic doctrine of Christ's passion. It has also been suggested that the Rufus (in Greek: Ῥοῦφον or Rhouphon) mentioned by Paul in Romans 16:13 is the son of Simon of Cyrene. A 1920 YWCA production of this play was directed by Dora Cole, sister of composer Bob Cole, and starred Paul Robeson.[17]. According to some Gnostic traditions, Simon of Cyrene, by mistaken identity, suffered the events leading up to the crucifixion, and died on the cross instead of Jesus. [6], Mark 15:21 identifies Simon as "the father of Alexander and Rufus". Lucius of Cyrene (Greek: Λούκιος ὁ Κυρηναῖος, romanized: Loukios o Kurenaios) was, according to the Acts of the Apostles, one of the founders of the Christian Church in Antioch, then part of Roman Syria. A Greek city in the province of Cyrenaica, it had a Jewish community where 100,000 Judean Jews had been forced to settle during the reign of Ptolemy Soter (323–285 BC) and was an early center of Christianity. Aram Goudsouzian. The liturgy for the fifth Station of the Cross, http://www.jesus-passion.com/THE_PASSION_3.5.htm#CHAPTER, "Edinburgh Cyrenians History and Development", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simon_of_Cyrene&oldid=962718418, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 June 2020, at 17:09. The film The Passion of the Christ portrays him as a Jew being forced by the Romans to carry the cross, who at first is unwilling, but as the journey to Mount Calvary continues, shows compassion to Jesus and helps him make it to the top. Chapell Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004, p. 232. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. [5] Some interpret the passage as indicating that Simon was chosen because he may have shown sympathy with Jesus. Simon of Cyrene /saɪˈriːni/ (Hebrew: שמעון "Hearkening; listening", Standard Hebrew Šimʿon, Tiberian Hebrew Šimʿôn; Greek: Σίμων Κυρηναῖος, Simōn Kyrēnaios) was the man compelled by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus of Nazareth as Jesus was taken to his crucifixion, according to all three Synoptic Gospels. Lost Christianities. p. 188. Simon of Cyrene was the man pulled from the crowd who was commanded to carry the cross of Jesus. [6], A burial cave in the Kidron Valley discovered in 1941 by E. L. Sukenik, belonging to Cyrenian Jews and dating before AD 70, was found to have an ossuary inscribed twice in Greek "Alexander son of Simon." [1][2][3] "And as they came out, they found a man of Cyrene, Simon by name: him they compelled to bear his cross."[2]. It was he who was ignorantly and erroneously crucified, being transfigured by him, so that he might be thought to be Jesus. The Cyrenian Jews had a synagogue in Jerusalem, where many went for annual feasts. [7] Some also link Simon himself with the "men of Cyrene" who preached the Gospel to the Greeks in Acts 11:20. He is mentioned by name as a member of the church there, following the account King Herod's Death: Shimon), the name of five Israelites, Simon = "hearkening"; 1) the second son of Jacob by Leah 2) one of Abraham's descendants 3) the one who took the infant Jesus in his arms in the temple 4) a teacher at the congregation of Antioch 5) the original … The 1979 comedy film Monty Python's Life of Brian contains a vignette referencing the Simon of Cyrene episode. It has as its guiding principle "sharing the burden" which it uses to explain its approach to providing services to homeless and other disadvantaged groups in society, often using volunteers.[11]. Acts 13:1 mentions Lucius of Cyrene as one of the teachers of the Christians at Antioch. [15] Irenaeus, Against Heresies[16], Poet Ridgely Torrence wrote a play about him titled Simon the Cyrenian. In this case a seemingly pious and generous man offers to one of the condemned carrying a cross, "Brother, let me shoulder your burden". Sidney Poitier: Man, Actor, Icon. He states the teaching that Christ in Jesus, as a wholly divine being, could not suffer bodily pain and did not die on the cross; but that the person crucified was, in fact, Simon of Cyrene. Simon of Cyrene / s aɪ ˈ r iː n i / (Hebrew: שמעון "Hearkening; listening", Standard Hebrew Šimʿon, Tiberian Hebrew Šimʿôn; Greek: Σίμων Κυρηναῖος, Simōn Kyrēnaios) was the man compelled by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus of Nazareth as Jesus was taken to … In addition, the reference to the sons of Simon of Cyrene (Alexander and Rufus) in the context of Mk 15:21 seems to imply that they were personally known to the readers, requiring an unlikely but not impossible three-fold connection between Jerusalem (at the time of the crucifixion) and Antioch and Rome (the likely provenance of the Gospel … Cyrene was supposedly the destination of many "Sicari" (lit. [4], Simon's act of carrying the cross, patibulum (crossbeam in Latin), for Jesus is the fifth or seventh of the Stations of the Cross. Sidney Poitier was cast as Simon of Cyrene in The Greatest Story Ever Told that was directed by George Stevens and released in 1965. Upon doing so, the condemned man runs off, leaving the generous man stuck with the cross and future crucifixion. [13][14], He appeared on earth as a man and performed miracles. Quapropter neque passsum eum, sed Simonem quendam Cyrenæum angariatum portasse crucem ejus pro eo: et hunc secundum ignorantiam et errorem crucifixum, transfiguratum ab eo, uti putaretur ipse esse Jesus: et ipsum autem Jesum Simonis accepisse formam, et stantem irrisisse eos.". In Acts 13:1, at Antioch, are Simon the Black One and Lucius, both we believe of Cyrene, and Barnabas of Cyprus but also amongst them dwelling at that time in the ecclesia at the end of verse 1, there is Saul, who is there as a teacher in the Antioch ecclesia in this first great bastion of Gentile believers. Moreover, Jesus assumed the form of Simon, and stood by laughing at them. [4] On the other hand, Simon's name alone does not prove he was Jewish, and Alexander and Rufus were both common names and may have referred to others. "Et gentibus ipsorum autem apparuisse eum in terra hominem, et virtutes perfecisse. [10], The Cyrenian or Simon movement in the United Kingdom and Ireland, takes its name from Simon of Cyrene. Frank Leslie Cross, Elizabeth A. Livingstone (1997). "Basilides". That Simon was black can be considered believable due to the fact that the Synoptic gospels write of an outsider from North Africa who assists Jesus on the Via Dolorosa. SIMEON CALLED NIGER, LUCIUS OF CYRENE SIMON A CYRENIAN, MEN OF CYRENE 4826 Sumeon (soom-eh-one'); from the same as 4613; Symeon (i.e. Ehrman, Bart (2005).
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