[109][110] In 1998, Gingrich said that these comments were his "single most avoidable mistake" as Speaker. )", "If it comes to a shutdown, the GOP should stick to its principles", "Ethics committee drops last of 84charges against Gingrich", "In the Matter of Representative Newt Gingrich (Report 105-1)", "Ethics Panel Supports Reprimand of Gingrich", "House, in a 39528 vote, reprimands Gingrich", "I.R.S. In 1995, Time named him "Man of the Year" for "his role in ending the four-decades-long Democratic majority in the House". Gingrich played a key role in several government shutdowns, and impeached President Bill Clinton on a party-line vote in the House. Let us including those of former Vice President Dan Quayle and former House Speaker Newt Gingrich. [150], Gingrich founded Advocates for Opioid Recovery together with former Rep. Patrick J. Kennedy and Van Jones, a former domestic policy adviser to President Barack Obama. He also announced his intended and eventual full departure from the House a few weeks later. [235], In July 2022, he was featured at an America First Policy Institute conference promoting a "Trump-inspired platform for the 2024 GOP presidential nominee". [145], Other organizations and companies founded or chaired by Gingrich include the creative production company Gingrich Productions,[147] and religious educational organization Renewing American Leadership. Flynt had never faced a serious challenger; Gingrich was the second Republican to ever run against him. [47], In March 1989, Gingrich became House Minority Whip in a close election against Edward Rell Madigan. And besides, she has cancer. [Americans] are sick of politicians taking care of themselves. July 25, 2011 1:21 PM PT. In the last few years, his net worth has shown a decent increase. [111], Discussing the impact of the government shutdown on the Republican Party, Gingrich later commented that, "Everybody in Washington thinks that was a big mistake. Gingrich led a revolt that defeated the initial appropriations package and led to the 1990 United States federal government shutdown. [51], In 1990, after consulting focus groups[52] with the help of pollster Frank Luntz,[53] GOPAC distributed a memo with a cover letter signed by Gingrich titled "Language, a Key Mechanism of Control", that encouraged Republicans to "speak like Newt". [119] The Ethics Committee's Special Counsel James M. Cole concluded that Gingrich had violated federal tax law and had lied to the ethics panel in an effort to force the committee to dismiss the complaint against him. He lost to 20-year incumbent Democrat Jack Flynt by 2,770 votes. In January 2022, Gingrich told Fox News presenter Maria Bartiromo that members of the House Select Committee investigating the January 6 attack on the Capitol faced a real risk of jail after Republicans take over Congress, accusing them of breaking laws without explaining which laws were broken: I think when you have a Republican Congress, this is all going to come crashing down, and the wolves are going to find out that theyre now sheep and theyre the ones who are in fact, I think, face a real risk of jail for the kinds of laws theyre breaking,[235], which was interpreted by CNN and others as a threat. [11] Despite a late victory in the South Carolina primary, Gingrich was ultimately unable to win enough primaries to sustain a viable candidacy, he withdrew from the race in May 2012 and endorsed eventual nominee Mitt Romney. Gingrich's later books take a large-scale policy focus, including Winning the Future, and the most recent, To Save America. [35][36] Gingrich was re-elected five times from this district. Every president has been saying that the NATO countries do not pay their fair share". [213] He and his wife Calista addressed the convention on its final day with a Ronald Reagan-themed introduction. On July 16, Paxon offered to resign his post, feeling that he had not handled the situation correctly, as the only member of the leadership who had been appointed to his position by Gingrich instead of elected. Newt amassed his fortune while serving as the 58th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999 and as a consultant and creator of several big enterprises. [123] Gingrich accepted Paxon's resignation and directed Paxon to immediately vacate his leadership office space. Brattebo, Douglas M. (2012) "You're a Mean One, Mr. Gingrich: The Inbuilt, Ruinous Incivility of Newt", McSweeney, Dean and John E. Owens, eds. [86] Other major parts of the spending plan called for $115billion to be saved through a restructuring of Medicare, $24billion set aside to extend health insurance to children of the working poor, tax credits for college tuition, and a $2billion welfare-to-work jobs initiative. [238] He is a founder of American Solutions for Winning the Future. [83], In his 1998 book Lessons Learned the Hard Way, Gingrich encouraged volunteerism and spiritual renewal, placing more importance on families, creating tax incentives and reducing regulations for businesses in poor neighborhoods, and increasing property ownership by low-income families. "[251], In January 2022, Gingrich characterized the House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack as "basically a lynch mob" that was violating laws and trampling on civil liberties, suggesting committee members might be jailed if Republicans took control of the House in that year's election. A professor of history and geography at the University of West Georgia in the 1970s, Gingrich won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in November 1978, the first Republican in the history of Georgia's 6th congressional district to do so. [21], In 1961, Gingrich graduated from Baker High School in Columbus, Georgia, where he met, and later married, his math teacher. [113], Eighty-four ethics charges were filed by Democrats against Gingrich during his term as Speaker. [1][2] A co-author and architect of the "Contract with America", Gingrich was a major leader in the Republican victory in the 1994 congressional election. "[294], Space exploration has been an additional interest of Gingrich since a fascination with the United States/Soviet Union Space Race started in his teenage years. [82] The bill was signed into law by President Clinton on August 22, 1996. "[This quote needs a citation] He coordinated a new environmental studies program and was removed from the history department "by 1976". In addition, Newt Gingrich served as a Member of the Defense Policy Board. He was a member of the Terrorism Task Force for the Council on Foreign Relations, and he co-chaired the Task Force on United Nations Reform, a bipartisan congressional effort to modernize and improve the United Nations. [170], However, insisting that he had "pretty strongly" considered running,[171] on September 29 spokesman Rick Tyler said that Gingrich would not seek the presidency in 2008 because he could not continue to serve as chairman of American Solutions if he did so. [99], Clinton said Republican amendments would strip the U.S. Treasury of its ability to dip into federal trust funds to avoid a borrowing crisis. Newt Gingrich Net Worth is estimated to be $39 Million USD. [41], Gingrich's analysis of polls and public opinion identified the group's initial focus. [60] The contract was signed by Gingrich and other Republican candidates for the House of Representatives. [43] Reagan also referred to an "opportunity" society in the first State of the Union address of his second term. [185], On June 9, 2011, a group of Gingrich's senior campaign aides left the campaign en masse, leading to doubts about the viability of his presidential run. Santorum won the caucus, followed by Paul and Romney. Gingrich frequently questioned the patriotism of Democrats, called them corrupt, compared them to fascists, and accused them of wanting to destroy the United States. [164] In 2011, Newt and Callista appeared in A City Upon a Hill, on the subject of American exceptionalism. A July 2010 poll conducted by Public Policy Polling indicated that Gingrich was the leading GOP contender for the Republican nomination with 23% of likely Republican voters saying they would vote for him. [123][124][125], In 1998, Gingrich's private polls had given his fellow Republicans the impression that pushing the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal would damage Clinton's popularity and result in the party winning a net total of six to thirty seats in the House of Representatives. )", "Newt Gingrich Goes Full 'Great Replacement Theory' on Fox", "Newt Gingrich on America and the State of the World", "Newt Gingrich urges Republicans to rethink opposition to gay marriage", "Newt Gingrich Endorses National Popular Vote", "Newt Gingrich just said the US should deport all Muslims who believe in Sharia", "Gingrich also tosses out the 1st A, saying "anybody who goes on a website favoring" terrorist groups, "that should be a felony. He had been interested in politics since his teen years. Newton Leroy Newt Gingrich is an American politician who has a net worth of $9 million. Net Worth Net Worth 2020 $1 Million - $2 Million (Approx.) Following In addition to this, his writing career has [102] He complained that he and Dole were instructed to use the plane's rear exit to deplane, saying the snub was "part of why you ended up with us sending down a tougher continuing resolution". The plan included a total of $152billion in bipartisan tax cuts over five years. I brought down on the people's house a controversy which could weaken the faith people have in their government."[121]. [282], Raised as a Lutheran,[283] Gingrich was a Southern Baptist in graduate school. He also stated that, in the context of whether the United States would provide aid to Estonia (a NATO member) in the event of a Russian invasion, he "would think about it a great deal". Some conservatives have criticized him for favoring the plan, due to its cost. Entrepreneur", "Gingrich tops polls in Iowa, South Carolina, North Carolina and Colorado", "Gingrich won't accept Biden as president, says Democrats, Republicans 'live in alternative worlds', "Kathleen Gingrich, 77; Mother of House Speaker Made News", Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "Newt Gingrich Arrives In N.H., In Search Of Elephants", "Robert Gingrich; Retired Army Officer, Father of House Speaker", "Gingrich's college records show a professor hatching big plans", "Race details for 1974 election [in 6th District]", "A Newt Chronology | The Long March Of Newt Gingrich | FRONTLINE | PBS", "1976 Presidential General Election Results - Georgia", "Georgia's center of political gravity shifting toward Atlanta", "House Vote #506 -- To Pass S 557, Civil Rights Restoration Act, A Bill To Restore The Broad Coverage And Clarify Four Civil Rights Laws By Providing That If One Part Of An Institution Is Federally-Funded, Then The Entire Institution Must Not Discriminate", "House Vote #527 -- To Pass, Over President Reagan's Veto, S 557, Civil Rights Restoration Act, A Bill To Restore The Broad Coverage And Clarify Four Civil Rights Laws By Providing That If One Part Of An Institution Is Federally-Funded, Then The Entire Institution Must Not Discriminate. [194] On January 10, Gingrich finished in fifth place in the New Hampshire Republican primary, far behind Romney, Santorum, Jon Huntsman, and Paul. The attempted "coup" began July 9 with a meeting of Republican conference chairman John Boehner of Ohio and Republican leadership chairman Bill Paxon of New York. [237], Gingrich is most widely identified with the 1994 Contract with America. During the 1983 congressional page sex scandal, Gingrich was among those calling for the expulsion of representatives Dan Crane and Gerry Studds. [78] As a result, the power of Gingrich was strengthened and there was an increase in conformity among Republican congresspeople. Clears Foundation Linked to Gingrich's Ethics Dispute", "Panel Concludes Gingrich Violated Rules on Ethics", "Attempted Republican Coup: Ready, Aim, Misfire", "Paxon Says He Doesn't Want Speaker's Post Despite Revolt", "AllPolitics - Paxon Resigns From GOP Leadership - July 17, 1997", "Gingrich won't give up book deal despite furor", "Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich acknowledges having affair during Clinton impeachment", "Did Gingrich leave speakership "in disgrace"? [62] Time magazine named Gingrich its 1995 "Man of the Year" for his role in the election. Newt Gingrich had a net worth of at least $6.7 million and income of at least $2.6 million in 2010, [241] In August 2021 Gingrich was said to have echoed the Great Replacement theory during a Fox News interview. [229] After the 2020 election, Gingrich made false claims of election fraud and refused to acknowledge Joe Biden's victory. In a May 15, 2011, interview on Meet the Press, Gingrich repeated his long-held belief that "all of us have a responsibility to payhelp pay for health care", and suggested this could be implemented by either a mandate to obtain health insurance or a requirement to post a bond ensuring coverage. "[133], In 2003, he founded the Center for Health Transformation. On January 19, 2012, Marianne alleged in an interview on ABC's Nightline that she had declined to accept Gingrich's suggestion of an open marriage. [174] He was heavily criticized for this endorsement, with conservatives questioning his candidacy for president in 2012[175][176] and even comparing him to Benedict Arnold. [284][285] He said: "over the course of several years, I gradually became Catholic and then decided one day to accept the faith I had already come to embrace". As a provision of the Contract with America, the law was symbolic of the new Republican majority's goal to remove some of the entitlements enjoyed by Congress. In 1960 during his junior year in high school, the family moved to Georgia at Fort Benning. [178] In February 2021, Biden-appointed Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin dismissed all appointments to the committee made by Trump, including Gingrich. However, the Democratic-controlled Georgia General Assembly, under the leadership of fiercely partisan Speaker of the House Tom Murphy, specifically targeted Gingrich, eliminating the district Gingrich represented. [193], On January 3, 2012, Gingrich finished in fourth place in the Iowa Republican caucuses, far behind Rick Santorum, Romney, and Ron Paul. WebIt has been estimated that Newts net worth is about $8 million dollars. [159][160], Between 2001 and 2010, Gingrich consulted for Freddie Mac, a government-sponsored secondary home mortgage company, which was concerned about new regulations under consideration by Congress. WebNewt Gingrich Net Worth $6.7 Million Lists Ranked On Richest Republicans Statistics Source of Wealth: Politician, Author Nationality: United States About American politician, author, and political consultant, Newton Leroy "Newt" Gingrich has an estimated net worth of $6.7 million Los Angeles Times. In 2007, Gingrich authored a book, Rediscovering God in America. He went on to graduate study at Tulane University, earning an M.A. And they thought we were serious because when it came to a show-down, we didn't flinch. (No, it wasn't Trump. [97], Gingrich shut down the highly regarded Office of Technology Assessment, and relied instead on what the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists called "self-interested lobbyists and think tanks". The deal was supported by the President and Congressional leaders from both parties after long negotiations, but Gingrich walked out during a televised event in the White House Rose Garden. Gingrich sold his home in Carrollton and moved to Marietta in the new district. [253][254] They had two daughters: Kathy, who is president of Gingrich Communications,[255] and Jackie Sue, who is an author, conservative columnist and political commentator. Other changes to the welfare system included stricter conditions for food stamp eligibility, reductions in immigrant welfare assistance, and work requirements for recipients. A member of the Republican Party, he was the U.S. representative for Georgia's 6th congressional district serving north Atlanta and nearby areas from 1979 until his resignation in 1999. [192] However, after an abundance of negative ads run by his opponents throughout December, Gingrich's national polling lead had fallen to a tie with Mitt Romney. He explained that under no circumstance would he step down. (This had previously been limited to a $125,000 once-in-a-lifetime exemption for those over the age of 55. [99], A GOP amendment opposed by Clinton would not only have increased Medicare PartB premiums, but it would also cancel a scheduled reduction. Newt Gingrichs income source is mostly from being a successful Producer. His primary opponent, State Representative Herman Clark, who had challenged Gingrich two years earlier, made an issue out of Gingrich's 22overdraft checks in the House banking scandal, and also criticized Gingrich for moving into the district. "[259] In 1981, a judge ordered Gingrich to provide considerably more; in 1993, Jackie stated in court that Gingrich had failed to obey the 1981 order "from the day it was issued. [203], On February 7, 2012, Gingrich came in last place in the Minnesota Republican caucuses with about 10.7% of the vote. As of August 2022, Gingrich was advising Kevin McCarthy and House Republicans for the 2022 midterm elections, according to journalist Dana Milbank. Clinton vetoed a second bill allowing the government to keep operating beyond the time when most spending authority expires. [6][7][8][9][10][pageneeded], Since leaving the House, Gingrich has remained active in public policy debates and worked as a political consultant. That no reasonable person would put faith in it."[243]. [246], On July 14, 2016, Gingrich stated that he believes that Americans of Muslim backgrounds who believe in Sharia law should be deported, and that visiting websites that promote the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant or Al-Qaeda should be a felony. It Now Sees That as a Mistake", "The rising pressures on American democracy", "How Party Polarization Affects Governance", "Clinton Puzzle: How to Delay Welfare Reform Yet Seem to Pursue It", "Clinton signs 'Welfare to Work' bill, Aug. 22, 1996", "Washingtonpost.com: Clinton to Propose '99 Balanced Budget", "The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997: An Overview of Selected Provisions", The Kemp Commission and the Future of Tax Reform, "Renowned physicists cast doubt on Gingrich's far-fetched EMP scenario", "Clinton vetoes borrowing billgovernment shutdown nears as rhetoric continues to roil", "Gingrich: Snub caused impasse treatment on Air Force One blamed", "Newt 'Cry Baby' Gingrich: my part in his downfall", "Gingrich Shut Down the Government in a Tantrum 23 Years Ago", "I drew the 'Cry Baby' heard round the world. [190][191], After then-front-runner Herman Cain was damaged by allegations of past sexual harassment, Gingrich gained support, and quickly became a contender in the race, especially after Cain suspended his campaign. [166] Gingrich Communications, which employed 15 people at its largest, closed in 2011 when Gingrich began his presidential campaign. Biography Timeline 1984 [32], Gingrich sought a rematch against Flynt in 1976. [105][106][107][108], Democratic leaders, including Chuck Schumer, took the opportunity to attack Gingrich's motives for the budget standoff. Newt Gingrich has authored over 20 best selling books through which he has earned millions of dollars in The agreement called for a federal spending plan designed to reduce the federal deficit and achieve a balanced budget by 2002. [134][135] In the same interview Gingrich said "I don't think right-wing social engineering is any more desirable than left-wing social engineering. ", "A Guide to Every Other Time Newt Gingrich Has Threatened to Run for President", "Gingrich calls Medicare voucher proposal 'right-wing social engineering, "Former foes Clinton, Gingrich band up on health care plan", "Newt Gingrich, Thought Provocateur in Chief", "Wordly advice to Rumsfeld, from Gingrich, Wolfowitz & Co", "Project on National Security Reform - Preliminary Findings", "Exclusive Interview: Newt Gingrich Stepping Up Defense of Religion in the Public Square", "Newt Gingrich first Six Sigma pledge signer", "As he chairs Trump's opioid commission, Christie champions his home-state drug companies", "Newt Gingrich Inc.: How the GOP hopeful went from political flameout to fortune", "Barrick Gold hires John Baird, Newt Gingrich", "Newt Gingrich's net worth: $6.7 million", "Gingrich Health Center and Consulting Group Paid $55Million", "Gingrich Think Tank Collected $37M from Health-Care Industry", "Newt Gingrich health care think tank files bankruptcy", "Former Gingrich Consultancy Files for Bankruptcy", "Gingrich distances self from Freddie Mac", "Gingrich Leaves Freddie Contract Release to Partners", "On the Stump, Gingrich Puts Focus on Faith", "Newt Gingrich to star in Citizens United movie about "American exceptionalism", "Newt Gingrich Charity Paid Cash To Gingrich For-Profit Business", "Gingrich invested in renewable energy and tech", "Gingrich May Run in 2008 if No Frontrunner Emerges", "Gingrich says he won't run for president", "Newt Gingrich endorses Dede Scozzafava in NY-23 House race", "Newt In 2012: Yeah, But Which Party, Dude? [153] One of Gingrich's nonprofit groups, Renewing American Leadership, which was founded in March 2009,[164] paid Gingrich Communications $220,000 over two years; the charity shared the names of its donors with Gingrich, who could use them for his for-profit companies. July 25, 2011 12 AM PT. [258] Gingrich's daughter Kathy described the marriage as "difficult". [89], In 1997, President Clinton signed into effect the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997, which included the largest capital gains tax cut in U.S. history. Some Republicans felt that the compromise reached with Clinton on the budget and tax act was inadequate,[93] however Gingrich has stated that the tax cuts were a significant accomplishment for the Republican Congress in the face of opposition from the Clinton administration. [300] The show was cancelled the following year.[301]. However, Armey balked at the proposal to make Paxon the new Speaker, and told his chief of staff to warn Gingrich. [41], In 1983, Gingrich founded the Conservative Opportunity Society (COS), a group that included young conservative House Republicans. [44][45] In May 1988, Gingrich (along with 77other House members and Common Cause) brought ethics charges against Democratic Speaker Jim Wright, who was alleged to have used a book deal to circumvent campaign-finance laws and House ethics rules. Clinton favored the then current law, which was to let the premium that seniors pay drop to $42.50. )[90] There were also reductions in a number of other taxes on investment gains. They argue that Gingrich instilled a "combative" approach in the Republican Party, where hateful language and hyper-partisanship became commonplace, and where democratic norms were abandoned. She met Newt Gingrich in 1993 when he was House Minority Whip, and she was working for a congressman. [117][118], Additionally, the House Ethics Committee concluded that inaccurate information supplied to investigators represented "intentional or reckless" disregard of House rules. [141][142] Gingrich informally advised Defense secretary Donald Rumsfeld on strategic issues, on issues including the IsraeliPalestinian conflict and encouraging the Pentagon to not "yield" foreign policy influence to the State Department and National Security Council. [143] Gingrich is also a guiding coalition member of the Project on National Security Reform. After a recount, Gingrich prevailed by 980 votes, with a 51 to 49 percent result. Newt Gingrich Weight Loss: Diet, Workout, Surgery, Before & After. "[183], On March 3, 2011, Gingrich officially announced a website entitled "Newt Exploratory 2012" in lieu of a formal exploratory committee for exploration of a potential presidential run. The marriage fell apart within days. [72] Gingrich elevated junior and more ideologically extreme House members to powerful committees, such as the Appropriations Committee, which over time led to the obliteration of internal norms in the committees. He currently resides in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA. Learn more about their investments and assets. [214][215], Because FEC regulations prevent campaigns from ceasing operations until they settle their debts, the Newt Gingrich campaign was never formally dissolved. [252], Gingrich has been married three times. [273] She did not, however, want to have the public life of a politician's wife. [189] Some commentators noted Gingrich's resilience throughout his career, in particular with regards to his presidential campaign. Carter won more than two-thirds of the vote in his native Georgia. [156] The revenues came from more than 300 health-insurance companies and other clients, with membership costing as much as $200,000 per year in exchange for access to Gingrich and other perks. (1995) "Newt Gingrich, Dynamic Statutory Interpreter. [24] He spent six months in Brussels in 196970 working on his dissertation, Belgian Education Policy in the Congo 19451960. [3], As House Speaker, Gingrich oversaw passage by the House of welfare reform and a capital gains tax cut in 1997. [263][262] Gingrich disputed that account. January 6, 2023. Gingrich has signed the "Strong America Now" pledge committing to promoting Six Sigma methods to reduce government spending. Newt Gingrich, the Fall of a Speaker, and the Rise of a New Republican Party. directly contradicted the conventional wisdom of politics that parties in a two-party system achieve increasing electoral success as they move closer to the ideological center Gingrich and his allies believed that an organized effort to intensify the ideological contrast between the congressional parties would allow the Republicans to make electoral inroads in the South. [154], According to financial disclosure forms released in July2011, Gingrich and his wife had a net worth of at least $6.7million in 2010, compared to a maximum net worth of $2.4million in 2006. This estimation has been made by having a glance into his political career. ", Financial information (U.S. House campaigns), Newt Gingrich papers at the University of West Georgia, National Republican Congressional Committee, Speakers of the U.S. House of Representatives, Minority whips of the U.S. House of Representatives, Republican Party whips of the U.S. House of Representatives, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Newt_Gingrich&oldid=1142380376, 21st-century American non-fiction writers, Candidates in the 2012 United States presidential election, Censured or reprimanded members of the United States House of Representatives, Converts to Roman Catholicism from Baptist denominations, Politicians from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia (U.S. state), Speakers of the United States House of Representatives, Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from June 2021, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2023, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Celebrity Leaders is a booking agency that handled Gingrich's speaking engagements, as well as those other clients such as former Republican National Committee chair. Regarding payments of $1.6million for the consulting,[156] Gingrich said that "Freddie Mac paid Gingrich Group, which has a number of employees and a number of offices, a consulting fee, just like you would pay any other consulting firm. Newt Gingrich Net Worth: $9 million Source of Wealth: Politician, Business Person, Author, Film Producer. WebFamily And Net Worth: Many people are wondering if the two powerful people are related to one another. [3], The House fulfilled Gingrich's promise to bring all ten of the Contract's issues to a vote within the first 100 days of the session. There is time for reading, and writing, and midday zoo tripsand even he will admit, "It's a very fun life. [208] Following this announcement, The Newt 2012 campaign used a new slogan referring to Gingrich as "the last conservative standing". "[266] Jackie, a deacon and volunteer in the First Baptist Church of Carrollton, Georgia, died in 2013 in Atlanta at the age of 77. [70][78] Term limits were also imposed on committee chairs, which prevented Republican chairs from developing a power base separate from the Republican Party. [297] Since 2010, he has served on the National Space Society Board of Governors. Gingrich has identified education as "the number one factor in our future prosperity", and has partnered with Al Sharpton and Education Secretary Arne Duncan on education issues. [8] A 2011 study by Theriault and Duke University political scientist David W. Rohde in the Journal of Politics found that "almost the entire growth in Senate party polarization since the early 1970s can be accounted for by Republican senators who previously served in the House after 1978" when Gingrich was first elected to the House.
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